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Eventually, during the battle of Moesring, an elf only known as the Snow Prince was slain by humans, causing the rest of the snow elves to lose any remaining hope and flee. Regardless, when Ysgramor returned the war began in earnest, and though elves and humans continued to fight for years, the humans gained the upper hand. Side note: it's possible the Eye of Magnus (that all-powerful orb in Skyrim's College of Winterhold quest line) had something to do with the hostility between Nords and snow elves. And that's where the snow elves' permanent run of bad luck began: the conflict grew into a war of extermination with both sides attempting to totally annihilate the other. In retaliation, Ysgramor gathered his Five Hundred Companions, intent on driving the snow elves from Skyrim for good. Snow elves considered themselves to be the superior race, and in an attack later called the "Night of Tears," they destroyed the Nord city of Saarthal everyone in the city perished except for Ysgramor and his two sons. Initially, elves and humans were able to peacefully coexist on the continent, but it didn't last. Their troubles as a nation and race began after the humans began to settle Skyrim. They were the very first race of Mer to inhabit Skyrim, and they were present long before the arrival of humans from Atmora. It was advanced, prosperous, and wealthy.
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Once upon a time, back during the Merethic era of Tamriel history, snow elf society nearly rivaled that of the Altmer from the Summerset Isles.
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